Tag: adsorption kinetics

INTRODUCTION The promulgation of stringent regulatory limits—including the EPA’s National Primary Drinking Water Regulation (NPDWR) setting Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) for PFOA and PFOS at an unprecedented 4.0 parts per trillion (ppt)—has fundamentally shifted the landscape of municipal and industrial water treatment. For engineers, treating per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances as a monolithic contaminant class is […]

Understanding Empty Bed Contact Time (EBCT) in the Context of PFAS Removal Introduction As communities increasingly confront the pervasive issue of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in water supplies, the need for effective water treatment solutions has never been more pressing. Among various treatment methodologies employed, understanding Empty Bed Contact Time (EBCT) is critical for […]