Tag: chlorine residuals

Introduction For municipal water distribution engineers, the battle against water age, nitrification, and biofilm formation is constant, particularly in dead-end mains and oversized distribution networks. The deployment of Automatic Flushing Systems (AFS) has shifted from a luxury to a regulatory necessity to maintain chlorine residuals and compliance with the Safe Drinking Water Act. However, the […]

Sodium Hypochlorite Dosing Calculation: A Comprehensive Guide Sodium hypochlorite dosing is essential for achieving effective disinfection in water and wastewater treatment applications. Proper dosing ensures pathogen control while minimizing chemical waste, operational risks, and regulatory non-compliance. What Is Sodium Hypochlorite? Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is a widely used disinfectant in water and wastewater treatment due to […]