Tag: collection
1. Introduction In the hierarchy of wastewater treatment unit processes, grit removal serves as the critical line of defense for downstream mechanical equipment and biological processes. Located at the headworks of a facility—typically immediately following coarse screening and raw sewage pumping—grit removal systems are tasked with the physical separation of inorganic solids from the waste […]
1. Introduction Biogas systems serve as the critical interface between anaerobic digestion processes and energy recovery or disposal mechanisms in municipal and industrial wastewater treatment facilities. While historically viewed merely as a waste byproduct requiring safe disposal, biogas—comprising primarily methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2)—is now universally recognized as a valuable renewable energy resource. The […]
1. Introduction Automation in the municipal water and wastewater sector serves as the central nervous system of critical infrastructure. Unlike discrete manufacturing, where systems function in controlled environments with predictable cycles, water and wastewater automation must contend with geographically dispersed assets, variable biological loading, hydraulic non-linearities, and harsh operating conditions. For consulting engineers, plant managers, […]
PFAS Environmental Monitoring: A Comprehensive Guide to Current Practices and Future Directions Introduction As concerns over the impact of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) on human health and the environment continue to mount, effective environmental monitoring has become a crucial component of regulatory frameworks and public health initiatives. The urgency of this issue cannot be […]
GAC Reactivation for PFAS: A Comprehensive Solution for Water Treatment Introduction As global awareness increases regarding per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and their detrimental effects on public health and the environment, the need for effective treatment solutions has become a pressing concern for water treatment facilities. Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) systems have emerged as a […]
Water Distillation: From Industrial Scale to Home Systems Introduction Welcome to the fascinating world of water distillation, where we transform ordinary H2O into pure, pristine liquid gold! Whether you’re a municipality looking to optimize your water treatment processes or an engineer curious about the latest home systems, understanding the distillation process is essential. Picture this: […]
PFAS in Well Water: Understanding the Risks and Solutions Introduction As of July 30, 2025, the issue of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in well water has emerged as a pressing public health concern. With thousands of private wells nationwide, particularly in rural areas, many individuals rely on these water sources without a comprehensive understanding […]
Comprehensive Analysis of PFAS Regulation Under the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law Introduction The Bipartisan Infrastructure Law (BIL), enacted in 2021, has significantly reshaped the landscape of infrastructure funding in the United States, with a focused lens on environmental challenges and public health concerns. One of the most critical pollutants addressed under this legislation is per- and […]
PFAS Compliance for Municipalities: A Comprehensive Guide for Effective Management Introduction Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have emerged as a critical issue for municipalities across the United States. These synthetic chemicals, known as "forever chemicals," are pervasive in drinking water supplies, resulting in growing regulatory scrutiny. As of July 30, 2025, the Environmental Protection Agency […]
GAC vs Ion Exchange for PFAS: A Comprehensive Analysis Introduction Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), often referred to as "forever chemicals," have emerged as a critical concern for environmental engineers and public health officials alike. The persistence of PFAS in the environment and their potential health impacts, including cancer and liver damage, make their removal […]